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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques
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Material and Interfacial Modification toward a Stable Room-Temperature Solid-State Na-S Battery.

Tao An1,2, Huanhuan Jia1,2, Linfeng Peng1,3

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Stable solid-state sodium-sulfur batteries are achieved through interfacial modification and cathode enhancement. This research advances safer, high-density energy storage using sodium-ion technology.

Keywords:
ionic liquidselenium dopingsodium−sulfur batterysolid-state batterysulfurized polyacrylonitrile

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Room-temperature solid-state sodium batteries offer potential for safe, high-energy, low-cost energy storage.
  • Current performance limitations hinder the practical application of these sodium-ion batteries.
  • Sodium-sulfur (Na-S) chemistry is a promising avenue for next-generation batteries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the stability and performance of room-temperature solid-state sodium-sulfur (Na-S) batteries.
  • To investigate material and interfacial modifications for improved battery cycling and rate capability.
  • To address challenges in interfacial stability and cathode conductivity in Na-S battery systems.

Main Methods:

  • Modification of the anode/electrolyte interface using the ionic liquid N-butyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (Pyr14FSI).
  • Formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer at the NaSn alloy/Na3PS4 electrolyte interface, confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
  • Development of a selenium-doped sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (Se0.05S0.95@pPAN) cathode to improve ionic and electronic conductivity.

Main Results:

  • Enhanced interfacial stability demonstrated by a low overpotential (0.55 V after 900 h) in symmetrical battery tests.
  • Confirmation of a stable *in situ* SEI layer formation at the anode/electrolyte interface.
  • The modified Na-S battery with the Se0.05S0.95@pPAN cathode exhibited stable cycling performance and improved rate capability.

Conclusions:

  • Material and interfacial engineering strategies based on Na3PS4 solid electrolytes are effective for developing stable room-temperature solid-state Na-S batteries.
  • The combined approach of interfacial modification and cathode enhancement significantly improves battery performance.
  • This work paves the way for practical, high-performance, safe, and cost-effective solid-state sodium-ion energy storage.