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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Spectroscopy
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides support efficient third-order nonlinear optical processes.
    • Si3N4's wide transparency window enables mid-infrared (mid-IR) dispersive-wave (DW) generation, suitable for gas absorption spectroscopy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To engineer Si3N4-based DW sources for broader spectral coverage.
    • To enable simultaneous, discrete detection of multiple gas-phase molecules in the 2900–3380 cm−1 region.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a fiber laser source for mid-IR DW generation in Si3N4 waveguides.
    • Implementing a direct-absorption spectroscopy scheme with a 5 cm gas cell.

    Main Results:

    • Broadened spectral coverage of a single DW without efficiency loss.
    • Quantitative detection of acetylene, methane, and ethane.
    • Achieved a noise-equivalent detection limit in the several hundreds of parts-per-million range.

    Conclusions:

    • Engineered Si3N4 DW sources offer enhanced capabilities for multi-gas detection.
    • The system demonstrates potential for sensitive, simultaneous spectroscopic analysis of various gases.