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    Researchers generated stable vortex-solitons in dye-doped liquid crystals using optothermal nonlinearity. These doughnut-shaped beams exhibit remarkable stability and self-confinement, showcasing potential for optical applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nonlinear optics
    • Liquid crystal physics
    • Photonics

    Background:

    • Optothermal nonlinearity is crucial for light manipulation in materials.
    • Vortex-solitons, or doughnut-shaped beams, possess orbital angular momentum.
    • Nematic liquid crystals offer unique optical properties for nonlinear phenomena.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report the generation of vortex-solitons in dye-doped nematic liquid crystals.
    • To investigate the role of optothermal nonlocal nonlinearity in soliton formation.
    • To analyze the stability and characteristics of these optical beams.

    Main Methods:

    • Generation of vortex-solitons using a purely optothermal nonlocal nonlinearity.
    • Observation of doughnut-shaped ordinary-wave beams with orbital angular momentum.
    • Utilizing an interferometric technique to study beam properties.

    Main Results:

    • Stable vortex-solitons were successfully generated.
    • The generated beams demonstrated excellent trajectory and profile stability.
    • The influence of nonlocal nonlinearity in non-illuminated regions was investigated.

    Conclusions:

    • Optothermal nonlocal nonlinearity effectively supports stable vortex-solitons in liquid crystals.
    • These self-confined solitary waves exhibit robust stability.
    • The findings highlight the potential of liquid crystals for advanced optical beam control.