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Chapter 22. Non-HIV antiviral agents.

Nicholas A Meanwell1, Michael H Serrano-Wu1, Lawrence B Snyder1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA.

Annual Reports in Medicinal Chemistry
|April 15, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This chapter reviews non-HIV antiviral agents, focusing on Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) treatments. Nucleoside analogs are key for HBV, while new HCV inhibitors show promise in reducing viral load.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Antiviral therapies for non-HIV infections primarily target chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV).
  • Nucleoside analogs remain the primary treatment for HBV.
  • Significant advancements have been made in developing small molecule inhibitors for HCV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of non-HIV antiviral agents.
  • To detail the development and efficacy of therapies for HBV and HCV.
  • To discuss inhibitors for other viral infections including simplex virus, human cytomegalovirus, respiratory viruses, West Nile virus, and papilloma virus.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical trial data on antiviral agents.
  • Focus on the development of small molecule inhibitors and their mechanisms.
  • Utilisation of the HCV replicon system for screening antiviral agents.

Main Results:

  • Adefovir dipivoxil is approved for HBV treatment, alongside lamivudine (3TC) and interferon-alpha (IFNα).
  • The NS3 protease inhibitor BILN-2061 demonstrated significant viral load reduction in phase 2 trials for HCV.
  • The HCV replicon system facilitated the discovery of diverse HCV inhibitors.

Conclusions:

  • Nucleoside analogs are crucial for HBV treatment.
  • Small molecule inhibitors represent a significant advancement in treating chronic hepatitis infections.
  • Ongoing research continues to expand the arsenal of antiviral agents for various viral diseases.