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Updated: Dec 24, 2025

In Vitro Selection of Aptamers to Differentiate Infectious from Non-Infectious Viruses

In Vitro Selection of Aptamers to Differentiate Infectious from Non-Infectious Viruses

Published on: September 7, 2022

Selection and analytical applications of aptamers binding microbial pathogens.

Camille L A Hamula¹, Hongquan Zhang¹, Feng Li¹

¹Division of Analytical and Environmental Toxicology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, 10-102 Clinical Sciences Bldg., University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G3.

Trends in Analytical Chemistry : TRAC

|April 15, 2020

Summary

DNA aptamers offer versatile applications in detecting and treating pathogens like bacteria and viruses. Advances in aptamer selection and modified nucleotides, such as SOMAmers, enhance their use in diagnostics and therapeutics.

Keywords:

Aptamer Bacteria Bioanalytical assay Biosensor DNA In-vitro selection Pathogen Protein SELEX SOMAmer

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Infectious Disease Research

Background:

DNA aptamers are nucleic acid-based recognition elements with significant potential in diagnostics and therapeutics.
Specific aptamers targeting microbial cells and viruses are crucial for developing advanced detection and treatment strategies.
Existing methods for pathogen identification can be limited in specificity and speed.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advancements in the development of DNA aptamers targeting specific pathogens.
To highlight the diverse analytical and therapeutic applications of these pathogen-specific aptamers.
To discuss future directions and emerging technologies in aptamer-based pathogen detection.

Main Methods:

Selection of DNA aptamers against specific live bacteria, whole viral particles, and virally-infected mammalian cells.
Utilizing aptamers as affinity reagents in sandwich assays for pathogen detection.
Employing aptamers for cell labeling, imaging, and flow-cytometry analysis.
Developing whole-cell biosensors incorporating aptamer probes.

Main Results:

Demonstrated successful development of aptamers with high specificity for various pathogens.
Showcased aptamer utility in sensitive and specific diagnostic assays, including sandwich assays and biosensors.
Illustrated aptamer applications in cell imaging and flow cytometry for pathogen characterization.
Highlighted the enhanced performance of aptamers with modified nucleotides, particularly SOMAmers.

Conclusions:

DNA aptamers provide a powerful platform for the specific recognition and detection of pathogens.
Recent advances in aptamer selection and modification significantly expand their analytical and therapeutic potential.
Future research focusing on modified aptamers like SOMAmers promises improved diagnostics and treatments for infectious diseases.