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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

11.4K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

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Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

13.1K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
13.1K
Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

64.5K
Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
64.5K
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

640
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
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An Ex vivo Assay to Study Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis in the Gastrointestinal Tract
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[Infections as oncologic emergencies].

Edwin Juarso1, Malte Kiehl1, Markus Buchholz1

  • 1Klinik für Innere Medizin, Hämatologie, Onkologie, Stammzelltransplantation und Palliativmedizin, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Schildescher Str. 99, 33611 Bielefeld, Deutschland.

Der Onkologe : Organ Der Deutschen Krebsgesellschaft E.V
|April 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Cancer patients face high risks of infections and treatment complications. Early recognition and broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment are crucial for managing neutropenic fever, the most common oncologic emergency.

Keywords:
CNS infectionsHematologic neoplasmsImmunosuppressionMucositisNeutropenic feverSepsis

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology

Context:

  • Rising cancer incidence in Germany necessitates advanced patient care strategies.
  • Hematologic malignancy patients are particularly vulnerable to infections and treatment complications.
  • Increasing patient age, comorbidities, and frailty demand multidisciplinary management approaches.

Purpose:

  • To review and synthesize current guidelines on managing infections in cancer patients.
  • To highlight the challenges in differentiating infections from treatment-related complications.
  • To provide guidance on the early diagnosis and treatment of severe infections in immunocompromised individuals.

Summary:

  • Neutropenic fever is the most frequent infectious emergency in oncology patients.
  • Early empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy is essential for this patient group.
  • Escalated diagnostic strategies are required for successful treatment of life-threatening infections.

Impact:

  • Improved recognition and management of infections in cancer patients.
  • Reduced morbidity and mortality associated with oncologic emergencies.
  • Enhanced clinical decision-making for treating immunocompromised patients with infections.