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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

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Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents

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Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents01:17

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents

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Diarrhea, a condition marked by frequent loose or watery bowel movements, can be triggered by multiple factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, anxiety, medications, and digestive disorders. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and cramping. Severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to complications like electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and dehydration if left untreated.
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents01:18

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Antimicrobials as Antidiarrheal Agents

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Acute diarrhea, a common gastrointestinal disturbance, is characterized by the rapid evacuation of fluid stools, leading to an excessive weight in fluid. This condition typically arises from disorders affecting intestinal water and electrolyte transport. It can be triggered by an increased osmotic load within the intestine, excessive secretion of electrolytes and water, mucosal exudation of protein and fluid, or altered intestinal motility. The primary risks of acute diarrhea are dehydration...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anthelmintic Properties of Tithonia diversifolia Extracts Against Gastrointestinal Nematode Eggs Using In Vitro Assays
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Anthelmintic drugs for treating ascariasis.

Lucieni O Conterno1, Marilia D Turchi2, Ione Corrêa3

  • 1State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Division, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz", Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, 13083-887.

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Albendazole, mebendazole, and ivermectin are effective single-dose treatments for Ascaris lumbricoides infection in children and adults. These anthelmintic drugs show similar efficacy and safety profiles, offering high cure rates and significant egg reduction.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ascaris lumbricoides infection is a prevalent helminthic disease, disproportionately affecting children in low-income regions.
  • Effective treatment strategies, including anthelmintic drugs, are crucial for reducing morbidity and interrupting transmission cycles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically compare the efficacy and safety of albendazole, mebendazole, and ivermectin for treating Ascaris lumbricoides infection.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis of 30 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 6442 participants of all ages.
  • Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed independently by two reviewers.
  • Efficacy outcomes included parasitological cure rates and egg reduction rates; safety was assessed through reported adverse events.

Main Results:

  • All three anthelmintic drugs (albendazole, mebendazole, ivermectin) demonstrated high parasitological cure rates (approximately 93%) compared to placebo (16.1%).
  • No significant differences in efficacy were observed between single-dose albendazole, mebendazole, or ivermectin.
  • Adverse events were generally mild and comparable across the treatment groups, with no serious complications reported.

Conclusions:

  • Single-dose albendazole, mebendazole, and ivermectin are equally effective and safe options for treating Ascaris lumbricoides infection.
  • The choice of drug may not be critical, as all demonstrate high cure rates and favorable safety profiles in diverse populations.