Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
06:45

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Published on: February 10, 2023

15.5K

Current approaches in the treatment of catheter-related deep venous thrombosis in children

Julie Jaffray1,2, Neil Goldenberg3,4,5

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles , Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Expert Review of Hematology
|April 16, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Central venous catheters (CVCs) in children commonly cause venous thromboembolism (VTE). New direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) show promise for prevention and treatment, but high-risk children need more study.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Vascular Access Management
  • Thrombosis Research

Background:

  • Central venous catheters (CVCs) are essential for acutely ill children but pose a significant risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE).
  • CVCs are the leading risk factor for VTE in the pediatric population.
  • Limited FDA-approved anticoagulants exist for pediatric VTE treatment and prophylaxis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of CVC-related VTE in children.
  • To discuss the epidemiology, risk factors, and management strategies for pediatric CVC-VTE.
  • To highlight the emerging role of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of PubMed from 1990 to present.
  • Focus on studies addressing CVC-related VTE in pediatric patients.
  • Inclusion of data on anticoagulant therapies, including dalteparin and DOACs.

Main Results:

  • Recent publications include phase 3 trial results for pediatric DOACs.
  • Dalteparin is currently the only FDA-approved anticoagulant for pediatric VTE.
  • Current DOAC trials may not adequately represent children at the highest risk for CVC-VTE.

Conclusions:

  • Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) offer a promising, orally administered, and potentially unmonitored alternative for pediatric anticoagulation.
  • Further research is needed to establish optimal dosing and efficacy of DOACs in high-risk pediatric populations.
  • Addressing the gap in evidence for CVC-related VTE in children is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Venous thromboembolismanticoagulationcentral venous catheterpediatricstreatment

More Related Videos

An In vitro System to Gauge the Thrombolytic Efficacy of Histotripsy and a Lytic Drug07:50

An In vitro System to Gauge the Thrombolytic Efficacy of Histotripsy and a Lytic Drug

Published on: June 4, 2021

3.1K
Author Spotlight: Utilizing Venoplasty Balloon Model in Rodents to Simulate Surgical Interventions for Deep Veins05:44

Author Spotlight: Utilizing Venoplasty Balloon Model in Rodents to Simulate Surgical Interventions for Deep Veins

Published on: May 24, 2024

976

Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care01:29

Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care

Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
213
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
216
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management01:30

Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
150
Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
196
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
192
Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:26

Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...
115