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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Psychology
  • Human Factors Engineering
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Climate change necessitates energy efficiency and reduced consumption, leading to government recommendations for indoor temperatures.
  • The impact of recommended temperatures on cognitive task performance and psychological states remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how thermal environments affect task performance and psychological states over time.
  • To analyze the relationship between room temperature, humidity, and physiological/behavioral responses.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed reading and comprehension tasks at controlled temperatures (18, 22, 25, 29°C) and 50% humidity.
  • Collected data included working memory scores, electroencephalogram (EEG), heart rate variability, skin conductance level (SCL), tympanum temperature, and subjective mental workload.
  • Compared task performance and physiological/psychological responses across different thermal conditions and over time.

Main Results:

  • Task completion time and EEG theta power (concentration) decreased over time, while subjective mental workload increased.
  • Physiological stress indicators (LF/HF ratio and SCL) rose with time and higher temperatures (25°C and 29°C).
  • Warmer environments led to increased mental workload, particularly implicit workload, despite potential learning facilitation.

Conclusions:

  • Thermal environments significantly influence task performance, psychological states, and physiological responses.
  • Current energy-saving temperature recommendations may increase mental workload and stress in warmer conditions.
  • Multidirectional analysis of behavioral, subjective, and physiological data provides integrated evidence on human-environment interactions.