Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Methods to Identify the NMR Resonances of the 13C-Dimethyl N-terminal Amine on Reductively Methylated Proteins
Published on: December 12, 2013
N ε-(carboxymethyl)lysine formation from the Maillard reaction of casein and different reducing sugars
Ho-Young Park1, Mi-Jin Oh1, Yongkon Park1
1Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365 Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, atherosclerosis, and kidney disease. Formation of N ε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), a well-known AGEs, was evaluated from the reaction of casein from bovine milk with different reducing sugars (glucose, tagatose, and xylose) at various sugar concentrations and heating temperatures (75 and 120 °C) used in food processing to determine the best sweetener to be used in dairy products. The concentration of CML was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, SDS-PAGE was carried out to observe the changes in the molecular weight of casein. The results reveal that tagatose leads to a lower CML concentration at 75 °C than glucose or xylose, whereas no significant differences are observed at 120 °C. We conclude that it would be more appropriate to use tagatose rather than glucose or xylose as a sweetener, considering the AGEs contents in heat-treated dairy products.
Related Concept Videos
Oligosaccharide Assembly
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives
Protein Glycosylation
Glycosylation occurs in...
Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis
Protein Folding Quality Check in the RER
Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of β-Ketoacids

