Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 24, 2025
07:40
A Model of Self-limited Acute Lung Injury by Unilateral Intra-bronchial Acid Instillation
Published on: August 30, 2019
9.3K
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.
Hannah Wangberg1, Andrew A White1
1Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA, United States.
Current Opinion in Immunology
|April 17, 2020
Summary
Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) involves immune system dysfunction, leading to severe asthma and inflammation. Understanding AERD
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Inflammation Research
Background:
- Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is characterized by asthma, nasal polyposis, and reactions to cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 inhibitors.
- Immune dysregulation in AERD includes reduced prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and increased cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) and interleukin 33 (IL-33).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of the immunopathogenesis of Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD).
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent advances in AERD research.
- Analysis of immune mediators and cellular pathways involved in AERD.
Main Results:
- AERD involves diminished prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) function and elevated cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) and IL-33.
- Inflammatory mediators promote the recruitment and activation of innate lymphoid cells type 2 (ILC2), mast cells, eosinophils, and leukocytes.
- These processes contribute to a cycle of type 2 inflammation in AERD.
Conclusions:
- Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) pathogenesis is complex, involving multiple immune system components.
- Further research into AERD immunopathogenesis may reveal new therapeutic targets.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Asthma-I: Introduction
3.3K
Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
3.3K
01:23Acute Respiratory Failure-IV
456
Respiratory failure can manifest suddenly or gradually, characterized by a rapid decline in PaO2 and a rapid rise in PaCO2. This situation indicates a severe respiratory problem that may quickly become a life-threatening emergency. One of the early signs of hypoxemic Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is a change in mental status due to the brain's sensitivity to oxygen levels and changes in acid-base balance. Symptoms such as restlessness, confusion, and agitation suggest inadequate oxygen...
456
01:30Acute Respiratory Failure-III
661
Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
661
01:20Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management
1.1K
Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
1.1K
01:24Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications
3.2K
Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma
Classification of Asthma
3.2K
01:30Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management
3.0K
The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
3.0K