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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

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Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells01:23

Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells

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After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice
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Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice

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Cell therapy for type 1 diabetes.

Cristian Loretelli1, Emma Assi1, Andy Joe Seelam1

  • 1International Center for T1D, Pediatric Clinical Research Center "Romeo Ed Enrica Invernizzi", Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science L. Sacco, Università Degli Studi Di Milano , Milan, Italy.

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
|April 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Cell therapy offers new hope for type 1 diabetes (T1D) by protecting insulin-producing cells. Advances in genome editing and cell transplantation aim to reverse T1D and restore insulin production.

Keywords:
Cell therapyESC-derived β-cellsHSC therapyT1DTreg therapyiPSC-derived β-cellsimmunotherapytolerogenic dendritic cellsβ-cell replacement

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High-Efficiency Generation of Antigen-Specific Primary Mouse Cytotoxic T Cells for Functional Testing in an Autoimmune Diabetes Model
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Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes
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Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes

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Last Updated: Dec 24, 2025

Bioluminescent Monitoring of Graft Survival in an Adoptive Transfer Model of Autoimmune Diabetes in Mice
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High-Efficiency Generation of Antigen-Specific Primary Mouse Cytotoxic T Cells for Functional Testing in an Autoimmune Diabetes Model
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Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes
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Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Therapy
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease causing destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells.
  • Current treatments like transplantation face donor shortages and require lifelong immunosuppression.
  • There is a critical need for strategies to prevent beta-cell loss and restore endogenous insulin production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the latest advancements in cell-based therapies for treating and preventing T1D.
  • To explore adoptive cell transfer for beta-cell protection and beta-cell replacement strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing genome-editing techniques to enhance cell immunomodulatory properties.
  • Transplantation of tolerogenic cells, including *in vitro* modified autologous hematopoietic stem cells and dendritic cells.
  • Developing methods for generating cells that meet clinical quality and safety standards.

Main Results:

  • Cell therapy can potentially prevent or reverse T1D by suppressing autoimmunity.
  • Modified autologous cells may protect endogenous and newly generated beta-cells from autoimmune attack.
  • These therapies aim to preserve immune surveillance against infections and cancer.

Conclusions:

  • Cell-based therapies hold significant promise for managing and potentially curing T1D.
  • Further refinement of cell generation methods is necessary for safe and effective clinical application.
  • Future strategies focus on harnessing cellular immunity for beta-cell preservation and regeneration.