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Related Concept Videos

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Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
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Multiple Myeloma-Induced Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy.

Ghulam Murtaza1, Hannah Lu2, Anadil Faqah1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, IL, USA.

Journal of Hematology
|April 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare complication of multiple myeloma (MM) is hyperammonemic encephalopathy, causing altered mental status. This case highlights elevated ammonia levels in a patient with advanced kappa-light chain MM.

Keywords:
Abdominal painPancreatitisPazopanibRenal cell carcinoma

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Hematology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy typically characterized by hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, and bone lesions.
  • Neurological complications in MM are uncommon, with altered mental status being a rare presenting symptom.

Observation:

  • A 73-year-old male with advanced relapsing kappa-light chain MM presented with altered mental status.
  • Laboratory investigations revealed significantly elevated ammonia levels.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with hyperammonemic encephalopathy, a rare complication of multiple myeloma.
  • This condition was directly linked to the underlying advanced hematological malignancy.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering hyperammonemic encephalopathy in the differential diagnosis of altered mental status in MM patients.
  • Early recognition and management of hyperammonemia are crucial for improving neurological outcomes in affected individuals.
  • Further research into the mechanisms and prevalence of this rare complication is warranted.