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Introduction to Developmental Psychology01:27

Introduction to Developmental Psychology

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Developmental psychology explores the changes and continuities in human abilities throughout life, encompassing physical, cognitive, linguistic, and social dimensions. Human development is not restricted to growth, but includes aspects of decline, particularly in physical abilities as individuals age. Developmental psychologists seek to understand how people change as they age and how their mental and social skills evolve.Developmental MilestonesA key concept in developmental psychology is...
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Human development is typically examined across three main domains: physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional. These domains represent the significant areas of change and continuity throughout the lifespan, from infancy to late adulthood.
Physical Development
Physical processes, also known as maturation, encompass the biological changes that occur across an individual's life. These changes begin with genetic inheritance and continue through various stages, including growth in height and weight,...
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Relationship with Parents: Attachment01:28

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Parent-child interactions lay the foundation for how we understand relationships throughout life. These interactions are not uniform across families; instead, they are shaped by a range of environmental, emotional, and behavioral factors unique to each caregiver-child dynamic. Social psychologists study these early relationships to understand how patterns formed in infancy influence social functioning and interpersonal behavior in adulthood.Attachment Theory and Early Relational ModelsJohn...
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Attachment Styles01:24

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Jeffrey Simpson's attachment theory suggests that early caregiver relationships shape lasting patterns of behavior and emotional regulation, known as attachment styles. These patterns are organized along two key dimensions: self-esteem and interpersonal trust. The intersection of these dimensions produces four primary attachment styles that typically persist throughout life and significantly influence how individuals form and maintain relationships.Secure Attachment StyleIndividuals with a...
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Relationship Growth01:27

Relationship Growth

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Interpersonal relationships progress through stages, beginning with awareness and moving toward mutuality, where emotional connections deepen. While many relationships remain at moderate levels of mutuality, deeper connections form through self-disclosure, trust, and interdependence.Self-DisclosureSelf-disclosure involves revealing personal information, starting with surface-level details and gradually progressing to more intimate content. As trust grows, individuals feel more comfortable...
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The Nativist Approach01:21

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The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Involving Individuals with Developmental Language Disorder and Their Parents/Carers in Research Priority Setting
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Principles of development: the case of dependency.

L Alan Sroufe1

  • 1Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Attachment & Human Development
|April 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Child-teacher dependency highlights two principles: coherent development and early attachment

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Child Psychology
  • Attachment Theory

Background:

  • Child-teacher dependency is a critical area of developmental psychology.
  • Understanding early attachment relationships is foundational for later development.
  • Distinguishing between dependency and attachment concepts, as defined by Bowlby and Ainsworth, is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To underscore two key developmental principles related to child-teacher dependency.
  • To review the history and concepts of dependency and attachment.
  • To present findings on dependency development and discuss classroom implications.

Main Methods:

  • Commentary synthesizing existing research.
  • Historical review of dependency and attachment concepts.
Keywords:
Attachmentcoherencedependencydevelopment; intervention

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  • Overview of findings from the Minnesota Study of Risk and Adaptation.

    • Main Results:

    • Behavior and development are coherent across different stages.
    • Early attachment relationships serve as the foundation for subsequent development.
    • Findings from the Minnesota Study of Risk and Adaptation offer comprehensive insights into dependency development.

    Conclusions:

    • Dependency in the classroom requires careful consideration.
    • Intervention strategies for child-teacher dependency should be explored.
    • Future research is needed to advance understanding and practice in this area.