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Association between dietary sodium intake and blood pressure variability in Chinese patients with hypertension

Chi Wang1, Tong-Bo Liu2, Lei Mu3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.

Chinese Medical Journal
|April 18, 2020
PubMed

Insights

High dietary sodium intake is linked to increased nocturnal blood pressure variability (BPV) in Chinese hypertensive patients. This study highlights the impact of sodium on nighttime blood pressure fluctuations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • The relationship between dietary sodium intake and blood pressure variability (BPV) in hypertensive individuals is not well-established.
  • Understanding this association is crucial for managing hypertension effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether dietary sodium intake predicts elevated BPV in Chinese patients diagnosed with hypertension.
  • To clarify the role of sodium consumption in blood pressure regulation among hypertensive populations.

Main Methods:

  • 235 essential hypertension patients underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.
  • 24-hour urine sodium excretion measured dietary sodium intake; BPV analyzed using standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and variation independent of mean.
  • Spearman correlations and multiple linear regression analyzed the relationship between sodium intake and BPV.

Main Results:

  • Higher sodium excretion correlated with significantly increased nocturnal systolic and diastolic BPV (SD, CV, VIM).
  • Diurnal BPV measures did not show a significant association with sodium intake.
  • Multiple regression confirmed a positive correlation between sodium intake and nocturnal BPV after adjusting for confounders.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary sodium intake is a significant predictor of elevated nocturnal blood pressure variability in Chinese hypertensive patients.
  • Reducing sodium intake may be a key strategy to manage nocturnal BPV and improve hypertension control.
Abstract

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