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Abrupt Transition between Three-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Quantum Turbulence.

Nicolás P Müller1,2, Marc-Etienne Brachet3, Alexandros Alexakis3

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantum turbulence exhibits a critical-like transition, shifting between 3D and 2D behaviors. This abrupt change, observed in numerical simulations, impacts energy transfer and vortex organization.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Fluid dynamics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Quantum turbulence is a complex phenomenon observed in superfluids and Bose-Einstein condensates.
  • Understanding the transition between different dimensional behaviors is crucial for characterizing quantum turbulence.
  • Previous studies have explored aspects of quantum turbulence, but critical transitions remain an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence of a critical-like transition in an out-of-equilibrium quantum system.
  • To analyze the shift in quantum turbulence behavior between three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) regimes.
  • To identify the parameters controlling this transition in systems relevant to experimental setups.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical solution of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.
  • Simulation of quantum flows in both quasi-2D and thin-domain configurations.
  • Systematic variation of parameters such as 3D perturbation amplitude and domain aspect ratio.

Main Results:

  • Evidence of a critical-like transition in quantum turbulence.
  • Observed abrupt change between 3D and 2D turbulent behaviors.
  • Two distinct regimes identified: one with energy transfer to smaller scales, another with energy transfer to larger scales and vortex self-organization.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides numerical evidence for a critical transition in quantum turbulence.
  • The transition is controllable via parameters mimicking experimental conditions.
  • Different regimes exhibit distinct energy cascade directions and vortex dynamics, highlighting self-organization in one case.