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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

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Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

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The pathophysiology of Acute Coronary Syndrome [ACD] involves several key processes:The main underlying cause of ACD is atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaques within the coronary arteries.As the atherosclerotic plaque grows in the coronary artery, it may become unstable due to the formation of a lipid-rich core and a thin fibrous cap. Inflammatory cells within the plaque, such as macrophages, secrete enzymes that degrade the...
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

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The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Myocardial Infarction and Functional Outcome Assessment in Pigs
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Efferocytosis during myocardial infarction.

Chikashi Yoshimura1, Akiomi Nagasaka1, Hitoshi Kurose1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.

Journal of Biochemistry
|April 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Heart cell death during myocardial infarction triggers

Keywords:
apoptosisefferocytosismyocardial infarctionnecrosisphosphatidylserine

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading global cause of mortality.
  • Diverse cell death pathways (necrosis, apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, etc.) occur in the infarcted heart.
  • Dead cardiomyocytes expose 'eat-me' signals, like phosphatidylserine, for phagocytic clearance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms of efferocytosis in myocardial infarction.
  • To highlight the role of efferocytosis in the pathophysiology of MI.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on cell death and efferocytosis in myocardial infarction.
  • Analysis of molecular signaling pathways involved in dead cell clearance.

Main Results:

  • Phagocytosis of dead cells (efferocytosis) is critical for limiting inflammation post-MI.
  • Defective efferocytosis can exacerbate cardiac damage and dysfunction.
  • Understanding efferocytosis mechanisms offers therapeutic targets for MI.

Conclusions:

  • Efferocytosis is a key process modulating myocardial infarction outcomes.
  • Targeting efferocytosis pathways may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for heart attack patients.
  • Further research into efferocytosis in MI is warranted to improve patient prognosis.