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Executive function predicts decline in mobility after a fall: The MYHAT study.

Tiffany F Hughes1, Joanne C Beer2, Erin Jacobsen3

  • 1Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Gerontology, Youngstown State University, United States of America.

Experimental Gerontology
|April 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher executive function may protect older adults from mobility decline after a fall. This cognitive reserve is particularly beneficial for those with other risk factors for mobility loss.

Keywords:
CognitionExecutive functionFallsMobility

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Mobility Studies

Background:

  • Cognitive functioning is linked to mobility in older adults.
  • The impact of cognitive function on mobility decline post-fall is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if better pre-fall cognitive function protects against mobility decline after a fall in older adults.
  • To examine the association between specific cognitive domains and mobility changes post-fall.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of incident fallers (n=598) and non-fallers (n=442) from the MYHAT study.
  • Assessed one-year change in Timed Up and Go (TUG) test scores pre- to post-fall in relation to pre-fall cognitive function (executive function, attention, memory, visuospatial).
  • Used linear regression and interaction terms to analyze associations and potential moderators (age, sex, BMI, physical activity, depressive symptoms, visual acuity).

Main Results:

  • Mobility decline was greater in fallers than non-fallers.
  • Higher executive function was associated with less mobility decline in fallers, an effect amplified by older age, sedentary behavior, and lower BMI.
  • Memory scores were linked to less mobility decline in non-fallers.

Conclusions:

  • Executive function may provide resilience against mobility decline following a fall, especially in older adults with additional risk factors.
  • Executive function could serve as a valuable risk index for fall-related physical functional decline in geriatric care.