Coagulation disorders in coronavirus infected patients: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV and lessons from the past

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Dimitrios Giannis1, Ioannis A Ziogas2, Panagiota Gianni3

  • 1Institute of Health Innovations and Outcomes Research, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA; Surgery Working Group, Society of Junior Doctors, Athens, Greece.

Journal of Clinical Virology : the Official Publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
|April 20, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents a significant risk of venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients. Coagulation disorders are emerging as a critical concern in COVID-19 patients.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic (COVID-19).
  • COVID-19 is highly transmissible, with severe cases reported in 16% of hospitalized patients.
  • Acutely ill COVID-19 patients face an increased risk of venous thromboembolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of coagulation disorders in COVID-19 patients.
  • To review data from previous coronavirus epidemics (SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV) regarding thrombotic complications.
  • To underscore the emerging issue of thrombotic complications in COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preliminary clinical and laboratory findings in COVID-19 patients.
  • Analysis of data from previous coronavirus outbreaks (SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV).
  • Synthesis of current understanding of coagulation disorders in COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 patients exhibit potential coagulation abnormalities, including thrombocytopenia, elevated D-dimer, prolonged prothrombin time, and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
  • Thrombotic complications are increasingly recognized as a significant issue in COVID-19.
  • Previous coronavirus epidemics (SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV) also showed associations with thrombotic events.

Conclusions:

  • Coagulation disorders are a critical aspect of COVID-19 pathogenesis and clinical presentation.
  • Understanding thrombotic risks in COVID-19 is crucial for patient management.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the spectrum of coagulation abnormalities in COVID-19.

Keywords:
COVID-19MERS-CoVSARS-CoVcoagulationcoronavirusthrombosis

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