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Using Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System to Study Protein Homeostasis in a Multicellular Organism
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Tissue-specific effects of temperature on proteasome function.

Johanna Pispa1, Olli Matilainen2, Carina I Holmberg3

  • 1Medicum, Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.

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|April 20, 2020
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Summary

Increasing ambient temperature affects protein homeostasis in C. elegans. A shift to 25°C boosts ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) activity in the intestine but causes protein buildup in muscles.

Keywords:
Ambient temperatureCaenorhabditis elegansStressTissue specificityUbiquitin-proteasome system (UPS)

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Physiology
  • Proteostasis

Background:

  • Ambient temperature variations impact animal physiology and protein homeostasis.
  • The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is crucial for degrading proteins and maintaining proteostasis.
  • Understanding how temperature affects the UPS at an organismal level remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of a moderate temperature increase (20°C to 25°C) on the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in Caenorhabditis elegans.
  • To determine if these effects are tissue-specific.
  • To assess the impact on protein homeostasis and cellular stress responses.

Main Methods:

  • Measuring proteasome activity and polyubiquitinated protein levels in whole animal lysates and tissue-specific reporter strains.
  • Utilizing transgenic C. elegans strains to monitor UPS activity and stress responses in vivo.
  • Analyzing reporter gene fluorescence and mRNA levels (hsp-16.2) following temperature shift.

Main Results:

  • A temperature increase to 25°C enhanced UPS activity in the intestine.
  • Concurrently, polyubiquitinated proteins accumulated in body wall muscle tissue.
  • These tissue-specific changes were not evident in whole animal lysates.
  • ER stress reporter fluorescence increased, while heat shock reporter fluorescence showed only mild induction of hsp-16.2 mRNA.

Conclusions:

  • C. elegans displays tissue-specific regulation of the UPS in response to elevated ambient temperature.
  • This suggests a complex, organismal strategy to manage proteostasis under thermal stress.
  • The findings highlight the importance of tissue-level analysis for understanding physiological responses to environmental changes.