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Related Concept Videos

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management01:22

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management

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Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
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Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

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A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
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The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Effects of Surgical Masks on Cardiopulmonary Function in Healthy Subjects
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Are loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators safe during chest compression? A simulation study.

Soo Hyun Park1, Sung Yeon Hwang1, Guntak Lee1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|April 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) offer excellent respiratory protection for healthcare workers during chest compressions. These PAPRs demonstrated high simulated workplace protection factors (SWPFs) and were comfortable and easy to use.

Keywords:
Cardiopulmonary resuscitationChestCompressionInfection controlRespiratory protective devices

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Respiratory Protection
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Healthcare workers require effective respiratory protection, especially in emergency departments.
  • Loose-fitting powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) are a key component of safety protocols.
  • This study evaluated PAPRs during chest compression simulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the protective effect of PAPRs during chest compressions.
  • To determine the usefulness and comfort of PAPRs in simulated emergency scenarios.
  • To measure the simulated workplace protecting factor (SWPF) of PAPRs.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center simulation study was conducted with 91 participants.
  • Ambient aerosol and particle concentrations were measured inside PAPRs during chest compressions.
  • The simulated workplace protecting factor (SWPF) was calculated and compared to National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) standards.

Main Results:

  • All participants achieved SWPFs significantly above the required threshold (≥250).
  • Median SWPF values consistently exceeded 15,000 across three compression cycles.
  • No equipment failures occurred, and 83% reported no communication difficulties or discomfort.

Conclusions:

  • Loose-fitting PAPRs provide robust respiratory protection during chest compressions.
  • PAPRs are a practical and effective tool for healthcare workers in high-risk situations.
  • The study confirms the high protective efficacy and usability of PAPRs in simulated emergency care settings.