A 9-year-old boy with a sinus-related epidural abscess caused by Listeria monocytogenes

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...

This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.