The reduced left hippocampal volume related to the delayed P300 latency in amnestic mild cognitive impairment
Lijuan Gao1, Lihua Gu1, Hao Shu1
1Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Institution of Neuropsychiatry, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210009, China.
Background:
Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is characterized by delayed P300 latency and reduced grey matter (GM) volume, respectively. The relationship between the features in aMCI is unclear. This study was to investigate the relationship between the altered P300 latency and the GM volume in aMCI.
Methods:
Thirty-four aMCI and 34 well-matched normal controls (NC) were studied using electroencephalogram during a visual oddball task and scanned with MRI. Both tests were finished in the same day.
Results:
As compared with the NC group, the aMCI group exhibited delayed P300 latency in parietal cortex and reduced GM volumes in bilateral temporal pole and left hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus. A remarkable negative correlation was found between delayed P300 latency and reduced left hippocampal volume only in the aMCI group. Interestingly, the mediating analysis found P300 latency significantly mediated the association between right supramarginal gyrus volume and information processing speed indicated by Stroop Color and Word Test A scores.
Conclusions:
The association between delayed P300 latency and reduced left hippocampal volume in aMCI subjects suggests that reduced left hippocampal volume may be the potential structural basis of delayed P300 latency.
Insights
In individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), delayed P300 latency is linked to reduced left hippocampal volume. This suggests hippocampal changes may underlie P300 alterations in aMCI.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Science
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) presents with delayed P300 event-related potential latency and reduced gray matter (GM) volume.
- The precise relationship between these neurophysiological and structural changes in aMCI remains incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between altered P300 latency and GM volume in individuals diagnosed with aMCI.
Main Methods:
- Electroencephalography (EEG) during a visual oddball task and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed on 34 aMCI patients and 34 healthy controls (NC).
- Both EEG and MRI assessments were conducted on the same day for all participants.
Main Results:
- The aMCI group showed significantly delayed P300 latency in the parietal cortex and reduced GM volumes in the bilateral temporal pole and left hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus compared to NC.
- A significant negative correlation was observed between delayed P300 latency and reduced left hippocampal volume exclusively within the aMCI group.
- Mediation analysis indicated that P300 latency significantly mediated the relationship between right supramarginal gyrus volume and information processing speed (Stroop Color and Word Test A).
Conclusions:
- The correlation between delayed P300 latency and reduced left hippocampal volume in aMCI suggests that hippocampal atrophy may represent the underlying structural basis for these P300 alterations.
- These findings contribute to understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of cognitive impairment in aMCI.
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