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Technology Implementation and Associated Pharmacy Interruptions.

Kalyan S Pasupathy1,2, Mayo Clinic1,2, Linsey M Steege1,2

  • 1University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computerized provider order entry (CPOE) implementation in pharmacies increased interruption duration but not frequency. Pharmacy staff spend nearly 25% of their time interrupted, with incoming calls being the most common disruption.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacy Practice
  • Health Informatics
  • Workflow Analysis

Background:

  • Interruptions are common in healthcare settings, potentially impacting efficiency and patient safety.
  • Computerized provider order entry (CPOE) systems are widely adopted to improve medication safety and workflow.
  • The specific impact of CPOE on interruption characteristics in inpatient pharmacies requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the types, frequency, and duration of interruptions in an inpatient pharmacy.
  • To evaluate the impact of CPOE implementation on these interruption characteristics.
  • To identify factors influencing interruptions, such as time of day and job position.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in an inpatient pharmacy.
  • Data collected included interruption type, frequency, duration, day/time, and interrupted employee's job position.
  • A total of 552 interruptions were observed and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The mean interruption frequency was 10.6 per hour, with a mean duration of 1.34 minutes.
  • Incoming calls were the most frequent interruption type.
  • Pharmacy employees spent approximately 25% of their time on interruptions.
  • Pharmacists experienced longer interruptions than technicians.
  • CPOE implementation did not alter interruption frequency but increased interruption duration by 1.5 times.

Conclusions:

  • Interruptions significantly disrupt inpatient pharmacy workflow, consuming a substantial portion of employee time.
  • CPOE implementation, while not increasing interruption frequency, significantly lengthens interruption durations.
  • Recommendations include redesigning work processes and job responsibilities to mitigate interruption impact.