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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
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Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
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Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Dynamic Adhesion Assay for the Functional Analysis of Anti-adhesion Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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Using Adalimumab to Treat Autoimmune Enteropathy.

Hirsh D Trivedi1, Sarah E Shannahan1, Matthew Morrow2

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

ACG Case Reports Journal
|April 21, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autoimmune enteropathy, a rare gastrointestinal disorder causing severe diarrhea, presents limited treatment options. This case highlights successful management using adalimumab, an antitumor necrosis factor agent, offering a new therapeutic avenue.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Autoimmune enteropathy (AIE) is a rare condition in adults characterized by severe diarrhea and malnourishment.
  • Diagnosis relies on clinical, serologic, and histologic findings.
  • Current treatments focus on nutritional support and immunosuppression, primarily corticosteroids.

Observation:

  • A challenging case of adult-onset autoimmune enteropathy is presented.
  • The patient exhibited refractory symptoms despite conventional therapies.

Findings:

  • Successful treatment of autoimmune enteropathy was achieved using adalimumab.
  • Adalimumab, an antitumor necrosis factor agent, demonstrated efficacy in this rare condition.

Implications:

  • This case suggests adalimumab as a potential therapeutic option for refractory autoimmune enteropathy.
  • Further research into biologic agents for AIE is warranted.
  • Expanding treatment strategies may improve outcomes for patients with this infrequent disease.