Updated: Dec 23, 2025

A Spine Robotic-Assisted Navigation System for Pedicle Screw Placement
Published on: May 11, 2020
Nicholas Wallace1, Nathaniel E Schaffer1, Brett A Freedman2
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Spine Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Stereotactic navigation is becoming the standard for precise spinal instrumentation and real-time anatomical guidance. This technology enhances accuracy, especially in complex cervical spine surgeries with atypical anatomy.
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