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This study introduces tetrahedron elements for more accurate brain strain estimation following head impacts. This new method improves upon the older triad element approach, offering better validation for computational head models.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Brain strain from head impacts is linked to brain injury.
  • Existing methods using triad elements for strain calculation have limitations in accuracy.
  • Experimental brain strain data under traumatic loading is scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate tetrahedron elements for improved 3D brain strain estimation.
  • To compare the fidelity of tetrahedron elements against triad elements.
  • To validate finite element (FE) models of the human head using experimental data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three independently developed FE head models.
  • Numerically replicated experimental head impact scenarios.
  • Calculated and compared brain strain using both tetrahedron and triad elements.

Main Results:

  • Tetrahedron element-based strain estimation showed good correlation with whole-head simulations.
  • The tetrahedron approach demonstrated higher accuracy than the triad approach in preselected brain regions.
  • Newly calculated brain strain curves using tetra elements better approximate 3D experimental brain deformation.

Conclusions:

  • Tetrahedron elements offer a more accurate method for estimating brain strain compared to triad elements.
  • The proposed method enhances the validation of FE models for human head injury research.
  • This approach provides a better approximation of 3D experimental brain deformation.