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Protection of bone marrow progenitor cells by superoxide dismutase
1Atomic Energy of Canada Limited Research Company, Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment, Pinawa.
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
|December 1, 1988
Summary
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) protects against X-ray damage in mice and humans by safeguarding stem cells and myeloid progenitor cells. This enzyme hastens peripheral blood cell recovery after irradiation.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Radiation Biology
- Hematology
Background:
- Superoxide radicals, generated by X-rays, can inactivate critical bone marrow cells.
- A subpopulation of macrophage progenitor cells in mice is sensitive to these radicals.
- Human myeloid progenitor cells also exhibit superoxide sensitivity and enhanced X-ray sensitivity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD) against X-ray-induced damage in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.
- To determine if SOD can hasten the recovery of peripheral blood cells following irradiation.
- To assess the role of SOD and catalase in protecting human myeloid progenitor cells.
Main Methods:
- Intravenous administration of cuprozinc-superoxide dismutase in X-irradiated mice.
- In vitro treatment of human myeloid progenitor cells with exogenous superoxide dismutase.
- Assessment of peripheral blood cell recovery and cell survival rates.
Main Results:
- Intravenously administered SOD hastened peripheral blood cell recovery in X-irradiated mice.
- SOD protected pluripotent stem cells and myeloid progenitor cells from X-ray inactivation.
- Human myeloid progenitor cells were protected by SOD but not by catalase.
- Exogenous SOD reduced the X-ray sensitivity of human myeloid progenitor cells by a factor of 2.
Conclusions:
- Superoxide dismutase plays a crucial role in protecting hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from X-ray-induced damage.
- SOD administration can accelerate hematopoietic recovery following radiation exposure.
- Targeting superoxide-mediated damage with SOD represents a potential therapeutic strategy for radiation protection.
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