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Global Health Learning Outcomes in Pharmacy Students Completing International Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences
David R Steeb1, Monica L Miller2, Ellen M Schellhase2
1University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education
|April 22, 2020
Summary
International pharmacy APPEs significantly enhance global health learning outcomes for Doctor of Pharmacy students. Participation in global health experiences improved all assessed competencies, demonstrating their value for professional development.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy Education
- Global Health
- Experiential Learning
Background:
- Assessing global health learning outcomes is crucial for pharmacy students.
- International Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (APPEs) offer unique learning opportunities.
- The Consortium of Universities for Global Health (CUGH) competencies provide a framework for evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of international APPEs on Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students' global health learning outcomes.
- To assess student growth in CUGH competencies following international APPE participation.
- To compare learning outcomes between students who participated in international APPEs and a control group.
Main Methods:
- A mixed-methods prospective study involving fourth-year PharmD students from three US pharmacy schools.
- Utilized a retrospective pre-post instrument (Likert scale) to measure self-perceived growth in CUGH competencies.
- Conducted focus groups with students who completed international APPEs (N=22) and analyzed qualitative data.
Main Results:
- Students participating in international APPEs (N=81) showed significantly greater improvement in CUGH competencies compared to the control group (10.3 vs 2.4 mean score increase).
- International APPE participation was the sole significant predictor of enhanced CUGH competencies.
- Reported improvements included cultural awareness, communication, problem-solving, adaptability, and global health perspective.
Conclusions:
- International APPEs significantly improve all CUGH competencies for pharmacy students.
- The CUGH competency framework is effective for assessing global health learning outcomes in pharmacy education.
- Global health experiences are vital for developing well-rounded pharmacists with international perspectives.
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