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Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Hippocampal Neuronal Cultures to Detect and Study New Pathogenic Antibodies Involved in Autoimmune Encephalitis
Published on: June 2, 2022
Rapidly progressive dementia-associated N-type voltage-gated calcium channel antibody encephalopathy
Smathorn Thakolwiboon1, Amputch Karukote1, Gyeongmo Sohn1
1Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTexas.
Abstract:
Autoimmune encephalopathy is one of the treatable causes of rapidly progressive dementia; however, it is often underdiagnosed. Autoantibodies against voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) have been linked to several neurological disorders, including Lambert-Eaton syndrome, but VGCC antibody-associated encephalopathy is uncommon. Herein, we present a case of a 74-year-old woman with prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms followed by rapid cognitive decline. Extensive initial studies were nondiagnostic. Subsequently, serum N-type VGCC antibody was positive. After treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin, the patient's cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms significantly improved.
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