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Genetics of Speciation

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.

Gene Flow

Gene Flow

Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.

Speciation Rates

Speciation Rates

What is a Species?

What is a Species?

Formation of Species

Formation of Species

Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).

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Mass-Rearing and Molecular Studies in Tortricidae Pest Insects

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Assessing biological factors affecting postspeciation introgression.

Jennafer A P Hamlin¹, Mark S Hibbins², Leonie C Moyle²

¹Department of Plant Biology University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602.

Evolution Letters

|April 22, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Postspeciation introgression is common in wild tomatoes, influenced by genetic relatedness, geography, and mating systems. While frequent, the overall genetic exchange is modest, potentially limiting its evolutionary impact.

Keywords:

Geographic proximity Solanum hybridization mating system variation tomato whole‐genome

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Area of Science:

Genomics
Evolutionary Biology
Phylogenetics

Background:

Postspeciation introgression is increasingly recognized in closely related species.
Systematic, genome-wide studies on factors influencing introgression likelihood are scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and apply a hypothesis-testing framework using introgression statistics to evaluate patterns of introgression across species.
To assess the impact of genetic relatedness, geographical proximity, and mating system differences on introgression in wild tomatoes.

Main Methods:

Utilized whole genome sequences from 32 lineages of 11 wild tomato species.
Employed a new metric (D_p) and the "ABBA-BABA" test to analyze introgression statistics in multiple trios.
Compared introgression prevalence between geographically proximate and distant populations.

Main Results:

Identified introgression in 13 out of 14 species pairs with proximate vs. distant populations, with higher prevalence in closer populations.
Found evidence that introgression decreases with genetic divergence and is more common between species with similar mating systems.
Observed gene flow from inbreeding to outbreeding lineages when mating systems differ.

Conclusions:

Recent postspeciation introgression is frequent in wild tomatoes, though overall genetic exchange is modest.
Genetic relatedness, geographical proximity, and mating systems are significant factors influencing introgression.
Clade-wide analyses are crucial for understanding determinants of gene flow and introgression's role in genetic variation.