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The association between parity and spontaneous preterm birth: a population based study.
Bouchra Koullali1, Maud D van Zijl2, Brenda M Kazemier2
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. b.koullali@amsterdamumc.nl.
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
|April 23, 2020
Summary
Nulliparity (no previous births) and having a fifth pregnancy are linked to a higher risk of spontaneous preterm birth. This includes early preterm birth before 32 or 28 weeks gestation.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Perinatal Health
- Reproductive Epidemiology
Background:
- Preterm birth is a major global cause of infant mortality and morbidity.
- Parity, or the number of previous pregnancies, is a known factor influencing preterm birth risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between parity and the risk of spontaneous preterm birth.
- To identify specific parity levels associated with increased risk of preterm birth.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of live singleton births (≥22 weeks) in the Netherlands (2010-2014).
- Analysis included women in their first, second, third, fourth, or fifth pregnancy.
- Primary outcome: spontaneous preterm birth <37 weeks; secondary outcomes: <32 and <28 weeks.
Main Results:
- Over 800,000 pregnancies were analyzed.
- Nulliparous women had nearly double the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (<37 weeks) compared to second-time mothers (OR 1.95).
- Women in their fifth pregnancy also showed an increased risk (OR 1.26), with higher risks for earlier preterm births.
Conclusions:
- Nulliparity is independently associated with an increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth at all studied gestational ages (<37, <32, <28 weeks).
- Fifth pregnancies carry an elevated risk of spontaneous preterm birth, particularly at early gestational ages.
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