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Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Streamlining Rice Breeding with CRISPR/Cas for Obtaining Optimal Phenotypic and Agronomic Traits
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Zinc Biofortified Rice Varieties: Challenges, Possibilities, and Progress in India.

D Sanjeeva Rao1, C N Neeraja1, P Madhu Babu1

  • 1ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India.

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|April 23, 2020
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Summary

Developing zinc-rich rice in India addresses malnutrition. Four biofortified varieties were released, showing increased zinc bioavailability and meeting nutritional targets.

Keywords:
AICRIPRIL'sbiofortificationgermplasmhigh zincricevarieties

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Human Nutrition
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Zinc malnutrition is a significant public health issue in developing nations, particularly where polished rice is a dietary staple.
  • Genetic variability for high zinc content in rice presents an opportunity for biofortification to combat zinc deficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and release biofortified rice varieties with enhanced zinc content in India.
  • To evaluate the genetic potential and environmental influence on zinc accumulation in rice.
  • To assess the bioavailability and nutritional impact of biofortified rice varieties.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of rice germplasm for zinc content using energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.
  • Evaluation of mapping populations for high zinc content and yield potential.
  • Multi-location trials and national evaluation systems for varietal release through the All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project (AICRIP).

Main Results:

  • Identified rice genotypes with zinc content ranging from 7.3 to 52.7 mg/kg in brown rice.
  • Ninety-nine genotypes and 344 lines met the target of ≥28 mg/kg zinc in polished rice.
  • Four biofortified rice varieties were released, with one variety (DRR Dhan 45) demonstrating twice the zinc bioavailability of control IR64.
  • Environmental factors significantly influenced zinc content in multi-location trials.

Conclusions:

  • Conventional breeding has successfully developed biofortified rice varieties meeting target zinc levels and nutritional requirements.
  • The developed biofortified rice varieties contribute significantly to meeting the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for zinc.
  • The national evaluation system effectively screens and releases high-zinc rice varieties for wider adoption.