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Is there a relationship between hypoparathyroidism and retinal microcirculation?

Hilal Kılınç Hekimsoy1, Mehmet Ali Şekeroğlu2, Ali Mert Koçer2

  • 1Ulucanlar Eye Training and Research Hospital, 06240, Ankara, Turkey. hilal_kilinc_@hotmail.com.

International Ophthalmology
|April 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Patients with hypoparathyroidism show reduced retinal microvasculature, particularly in superficial and middle capillary plexuses. This suggests parathyroid hormone influences vascular homeostasis and macular microcirculation.

Keywords:
Deep capillary plexusHypoparathyroidismOptical coherence tomography angiographyRadial peripapillary capillary plexusSuperficial capillary plexus

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Hypoparathyroidism, a condition of insufficient parathyroid hormone, can affect calcium homeostasis.
  • The role of parathyroid hormone in vascular regulation is not fully understood.
  • Retinal microvasculature changes may indicate systemic vascular health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate retinal microvasculature in patients with surgically induced hypoparathyroidism.
  • To compare retinal microvascular parameters between hypoparathyroid patients and healthy controls.
  • To explore the association between hypoparathyroidism and retinal vascular changes.

Main Methods:

  • Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to analyze retinal microvasculature.
  • Key parameters assessed included foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics and vessel densities in different capillary plexuses (SCP, MCP, DCP).
  • Forty patients with hypoparathyroidism and 37 healthy controls were included.

Main Results:

  • Superficial (SCP) and middle (MCP) capillary plexus densities were significantly reduced in hypoparathyroid patients.
  • Radial peripapillary capillary plexus (RPCP) vessel densities were significantly higher in patients.
  • No significant differences were observed in deep capillary plexus (DCP) or FAZ parameters.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced retinal vessel density in hypoparathyroidism supports a role for parathyroid hormone in vascular homeostasis.
  • Findings suggest parathyroid hormone influences macular microcirculation.
  • Increased peripapillary perfusion may indicate an early subclinical effect of hypoparathyroidism.