Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

1.0K
A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
1.0K
Voltaic/Galvanic Cells02:47

Voltaic/Galvanic Cells

62.6K
Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
62.6K
Schottky Barrier Diode01:27

Schottky Barrier Diode

839
Schottky barrier diodes are specialized semiconductor devices characterized by their unique construction. This construction involves combining a metal layer with a moderately doped n-type semiconductor material. This combination leads to the formation of a Schottky barrier, a pivotal element that defines the diode's operational characteristics. The core functionality of Schottky barrier diodes is their capacity to allow current to flow in only one direction due to their distinctive...
839
Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

794
The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
794
Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

49.4K
On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
49.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comprehensive Insight into the Emerging World of Carbon Dots for Applications in Energy and Metal Ion Sensing.

Precision chemistry·2026
Same author

Laser-Processed 2D Germanane on Graphene for Organohydrogel-Based Zinc-Ion Hybrid Capacitors.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Moon Regolith Simulant-Based All-3D-Printed Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Effective Mechanical Energy Conversion.

Energy & fuels : an American Chemical Society journal·2026
Same author

Printing technologies for monitoring crop health.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Influence of oxygen content and structure on graphene derivative-based hydroelectric nanogenerators.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2025
Same author

3D-Printed Nanocarbon Polymer Conductive Structures for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Small methods·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
08:30

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Published on: March 19, 2017

17.0K

Above 800 mV Open-Circuit Voltage in Solid-State Photovoltaic Devices Using Phosphonium Cation-Based Solid Ionic

Jyoti Prasad1, Hiren K Machhi1, Keval K Sonigara1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, Gujarat, India.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|April 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary

New phosphonium-based solid ionic conductors offer a stable alternative to liquid electrolytes for solid-state photovoltaic devices. These materials achieve high open-circuit voltages exceeding 800 mV, improving device performance and stability.

Keywords:
organic electrolytesphosphonium cation-based solid organic ionic conductorssolid ionic conductorssolid-state photovoltaic devicetriphenylphosphonium cation

More Related Videos

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications
07:42

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

Published on: January 22, 2019

11.6K
In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation
06:49

In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation

Published on: March 2, 2021

6.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
08:30

Monovalent Cation Doping of CH3NH3PbI3 for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Published on: March 19, 2017

17.0K
Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications
07:42

Inkjet Printing All Inorganic Halide Perovskite Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

Published on: January 22, 2019

11.6K
In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation
06:49

In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation

Published on: March 2, 2021

6.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Liquid electrolytes in solid-state photovoltaic devices (ss-PVDs) often suffer from stability issues, leakage, and limited open-circuit voltage (Voc < 800 mV).
  • Quaternary ammonium ion-based electrolytes also present challenges in terms of performance and long-term stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and investigate novel phosphonium-based solid ionic conductors (SICs) as electrolytes for ss-PVDs.
  • To explore the electrochemical properties and theoretical aspects of these phosphonium electrolytes.
  • To identify superior alternatives to conventional liquid and quaternary ammonium electrolytes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of two phosphonium-based SICs: triphenylphosphonium methyl iodide (TPPMeI) and triphenylphosphonium iodide (TPPHI) via a room-temperature protocol.
  • Fabrication of ss-PVDs using these SICs as electrolytes.
  • Electrochemical characterization and performance evaluation of the fabricated devices, including measurements of open-circuit voltage (Voc) and power conversion efficiency (PCE).

Main Results:

  • TPPMeI and TPPHI were successfully synthesized as stable SICs.
  • Devices utilizing TPPMeI exhibited a Voc exceeding 800 mV, with an initial PCE of 4.08% and Voc of 810 mV.
  • Addition of LiI and tert-butyl pyridine significantly improved device performance, achieving a PCE of 6.71% and a Voc of 824 mV.

Conclusions:

  • Phosphonium-based SICs are promising electrolytes for ss-PVDs, offering higher Voc and improved stability compared to traditional electrolytes.
  • The developed SICs, particularly TPPMeI with additives, demonstrate potential for efficient and stable solid-state energy conversion.
  • This research provides a viable alternative to problematic liquid and quaternary ammonium electrolytes in photovoltaic applications.