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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Nanomaterials and Aging.

Chen-Chen Mao1, Xiaoxiao Cai1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

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Summary
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Nanomaterials show promise in combating aging-related diseases. Some nanomaterials may harm cells, while others, like fullerenes and nucleic acid nanomaterials, offer protection and clear senescent cells, potentially delaying aging.

Keywords:
Nanomaterialagingcarbon-based nanomaterialsmetal-based nanomaterialssenescencetetrahedral framework nucleic acids [tFNAs]

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • The increasing elderly population faces a rise in aging-related diseases.
  • Prolonging healthy aging and delaying disease progression are crucial societal goals.
  • Research into materials science for aging is rapidly expanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in nanomaterials relevant to aging.
  • To explore the dual role of nanomaterials in aging processes.
  • To highlight novel nanomaterials for therapeutic intervention in aging.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on nanomaterials and aging.
  • Categorization of nanomaterials based on their effects (damaging vs. protective).
  • Analysis of specific nanomaterial types, including silica NMs, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, metal-based NMs, and nucleic acid nanomaterials.

Main Results:

  • Certain nanomaterials (silica NMs, carbon nanotubes) can induce aging-like cellular damage.
  • Other nanomaterials (fullerenes, metal-based NMs) exhibit protective effects against harmful substances like ROS.
  • Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids selectively clear senescent cells, mitigating chronic inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Nanomaterials possess significant potential for understanding and treating aging-related disorders.
  • Targeted use of specific nanomaterials may offer therapeutic benefits for aging.
  • Current research represents early but promising stages in the field.