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Co-occurrence or dependence? Using spatial analyses to explore the interaction between palms and Rhodnius

Johan M Calderón1, Camila González2

  • 1Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical, (CIMPAT), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá D.C., Colombia. jm.calderon@uniandes.edu.co.

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|April 24, 2020
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Summary

Triatomine bugs (Rhodnius spp.) and palm species share similar environmental needs, leading to spatial associations. Palm presence indicates areas more suitable for these Chagas disease vectors.

Keywords:
Ecological niche modelingNiche similarityRhodnius-infested palmsTriatominesUnlinked biotic predictors

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Area of Science:

  • Vector-borne diseases
  • Parasitology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Triatomine bugs transmit Trypanosoma cruzi, causing Chagas disease, a significant zoonosis.
  • Rhodnius species, vectors of Chagas disease, often associate with palm crowns for shelter and resources.
  • The spatial distribution link between Rhodnius species and palms remains largely undetermined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatial association between Rhodnius and palm species distributions.
  • To determine if palm distributions can predict Rhodnius species presence.
  • To understand shared environmental requirements driving their co-occurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Ecological niche modeling using minimum volume ellipsoids.
  • Comparison of environmental and geographical niche spaces for similarity.
  • Incorporation of palm distributions as variables in Rhodnius niche models.

Main Results:

  • Significant niche similarity was observed between studied Rhodnius and palm species.
  • Areas suitable for Rhodnius species largely overlapped with those suitable for palm species.
  • Palm distribution was a key predictor in Rhodnius niche models, highlighting their importance.

Conclusions:

  • This study is the first large-scale comparison of Rhodnius and palm species distributions.
  • Shared environmental requirements explain the spatial association between these species.
  • Palm presence suggests more favorable habitats for Rhodnius species, impacting Chagas disease vector distribution.