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Related Concept Videos

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Experience is Instrumental in Tuning a Link Between Language and Cognition: Evidence from 6- to 7- Month-Old Infants' Object Categorization
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How 15-month-old infants process morphologically complex forms in an agglutinative language?

Enikő Ladányi1,2,3, Ágnes M Kovács4, Judit Gervain2,3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.

Infancy : the Official Journal of the International Society on Infant Studies
|April 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Fifteen-month-old infants learning Hungarian, a complex language, can process words by breaking them into stems and suffixes. This early analytic word processing ability is present regardless of vowel type, suggesting its importance for language development.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Infant phonological development is well-researched, but morphological development is less understood.
  • Previous research indicates one-year-olds can analytically process words in simpler languages like English and French.
  • Hungarian is a morphologically complex, agglutinative language with vowel harmony, presenting a unique case for study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if 15-month-old infants learning Hungarian can decompose morphologically complex words into stems and suffixes.
  • To examine potential differences in analytic processing of complex words with back versus front vowels.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Assessed analytic processing of morphologically complex Hungarian words with frequent suffixes.
  • Experiment 2: Evaluated analytic processing of complex Hungarian words containing both back and front vowels.

Main Results:

  • Hungarian infants demonstrate analytic processing of morphologically complex words when they include a frequent suffix (Experiment 1).
  • Analytic processing was observed for complex word forms with both back and front vowels (Experiment 2).

Conclusions:

  • Hungarian infants at 15 months can analytically process morphologically complex words.
  • This early capacity for analytic word processing, irrespective of vowel harmony, may be crucial for overall language acquisition.