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White Rabbit Time and Frequency Transfer Over Wireless Millimeter-Wave Carriers
Summary
This study demonstrates precise time and frequency transfer using the White Rabbit (WR) system over millimeter-wave (mm-wave) links. The system achieves high accuracy, enabling synchronization for advanced network architectures and applications.
Area of Science:
- Physics
- Electrical Engineering
- Network Engineering
Background:
- Accurate time and frequency transfer are critical for modern communication networks and scientific applications.
- Millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication offers high bandwidth but faces challenges in precise synchronization.
- The White Rabbit (WR) protocol is a robust solution for high-precision time transfer over networks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate and validate the performance of a White Rabbit time transfer system operating over 71-76 GHz mm-wave carriers.
- To assess the feasibility of using mm-wave links for precise time and frequency synchronization.
- To analyze the system's potential for synchronizing new network architectures and applications.
Main Methods:
- Implementation of a White Rabbit system utilizing 71-76 GHz mm-wave carriers for data transmission.
- Performance validation through overlapping Allan deviation (ADEV), time deviation (TDEV), and phase statistics analysis.
- Detailed analysis of the mm-wave link budget, architecture, and potential sources of phase error.
Main Results:
- Achieved an ADEV of 7.1×10-12 at 1 second and TDEV of less than 10 picoseconds at 10,000 seconds over mm-wave carriers.
- Demonstrated sufficient precision after 4 seconds of averaging to transfer a cesium atomic frequency standard.
- Identified and analyzed potential phase errors impacting WR frequency transfer over mm-wave links.
Conclusions:
- The White Rabbit system is capable of high-precision time and frequency transfer over mm-wave links.
- The demonstrated performance supports synchronization for new network architectures like physically separated fiber-optic networks.
- The system can enable new applications, including the synchronization of intermittently connected platforms, with recommendations for future hybrid architectures.
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