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Published on: September 22, 2023
COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review
Koichi Yuki1, Miho Fujiogi1, Sophia Koutsogiannaki1
1Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, United States of America.
This review examines the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing COVID-19. It explores why older patients face severe symptoms while children experience milder cases, aiding understanding of this global pandemic.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in December 2019 led to the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Human-to-human transmission has resulted in widespread social distancing and lockdowns globally.
- A lack of targeted therapies remains a significant challenge in managing COVID-19.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on COVID-19.
- To explore potential explanations for differential symptomatology between children and adults.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.
- Analysis of epidemiological data regarding disease severity across age groups.
Main Results:
- COVID-19 presents with varying severity, with older individuals being more susceptible to severe illness.
- Children generally exhibit milder symptoms compared to adults.
- The review synthesizes current understanding of these observed differences.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the age-related differences in COVID-19 symptomatology is crucial for effective public health strategies.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms behind differential disease presentation.
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