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Prevalence and predictors of statin utilization among patient populations at high vascular risk in Ghana

Fred Stephen Sarfo1, Bruce Ovbiagele2

  • 1Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana; Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|April 24, 2020
PubMed

Insights

In Ghana, only 16.8% of high-risk type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 14% of stroke survivors receive statins. This study highlights a significant gap in cardiovascular disease prevention, urging improved access to these life-saving medications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a growing epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa, exacerbated by inadequate preventive measures.
  • High-risk populations, including those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and stroke survivors, require effective CVD risk reduction strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utilization rates of statins for primary and secondary CVD prevention.
  • To identify predictors of statin prescription among T2DM patients and stroke survivors in Ghana.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2015 to June 2018 across five hospitals in Ghana.
  • Data from 1427 T2DM patients and 159 stroke survivors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression to determine factors associated with statin use.

Main Results:

  • Only 16.8% of T2DM patients without CVD and 14.0% of stroke survivors were prescribed statins.
  • Factors associated with statin use in T2DM included tertiary hospital care, hypertension, and higher income. For stroke survivors, lower income, lower education, and co-existing T2DM were associated with statin use.

Conclusions:

  • A significant gap exists in statin prescription for high-risk CVD patients in Ghana.
  • Urgent interventions are needed to improve access to statins for CVD risk reduction in low- and middle-income countries.
Abstract

Keywords:
Primary preventionSecondary preventionStatinSub-Saharan Africa

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