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Observed and Expected Survival in Men and Women After Suffering a STEMI

Isaac Pascual1,2,3, Daniel Hernandez-Vaquero2,3,4, Marcel Almendarez1

  • 1Department of Cardiology. Central University Hospital of Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|April 25, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Elderly patients surviving ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have survival rates similar to the general population. Sex does not significantly impact long-term survival after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Geriatric Cardiology

Background:

  • Mortality from ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has decreased due to increased primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  • Survival rates in elderly STEMI patients (>75 years) compared to the general population remain under investigation.
  • The impact of sex on survival outcomes in this demographic is not well-established.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the survival of patients over 75 years old who experienced STEMI and were treated with primary PCI.
  • To compare their survival rates against a matched reference population.
  • To determine if sex is a significant risk factor influencing survival in this patient group.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 450 patients over 75 years old treated with primary PCI for STEMI.
  • Comparison of survival data with a sex- and age-matched general population reference group.
  • Cox-regression analysis was employed to assess the influence of sex on survival, controlling for clinical factors.

Main Results:

  • One, three, and five-year survival rates for STEMI patients (post-30 days) were 91.22%, 79.71%, and 68.02%, respectively.
  • These survival rates were comparable to the reference population (93.11%, 79.10%, and 65.01%).
  • Sex was not identified as a risk factor for mortality, with a Hazard Ratio of 1.02 (p=0.92).

Conclusions:

  • Long-term survival for STEMI patients is closely tied to initial survival within the first 30 days.
  • After the initial year, elderly STEMI survivors treated with primary PCI exhibit a risk of death similar to the general population.
  • These findings suggest that sex does not confer a differential survival advantage or disadvantage in this cohort.
Abstract

Keywords:
genderlife expectancymyocardial infarction

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