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In normal-weight aggregate concrete, the hardened cement paste is the primary contributor to creep, whereas the aggregates, being stiffer than the cement paste, are more resilient to stress-induced deformation. The stiffness of the aggregates is defined by their modulus of elasticity, and the more voluminous they are in the concrete, the less it will creep.
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The dynamic modulus of elasticity assesses how a concrete structure deforms under impact or dynamic loads. It is typically higher than the static modulus of elasticity, measured under slow, steady loading conditions.
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Strain energy quantifies the energy stored within a material due to deformation under loading conditions, a fundamental concept in materials science and engineering. The strain energy can be modeled when a material is subjected to axial loading with uniformly distributed stress. In this scenario, the stress experienced by the material is the internal force divided by the cross-sectional area, and the strain induced is directly proportional to this stress through the modulus of elasticity.
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From Complex Modulus E* to Creep Compliance D(t): Experimental and Modeling Study.

Abdeldjalil Daoudi1, Daniel Perraton1, Anne Dony2

  • 1École de Technologie Supérieure (ÉTS), Construction Engineering, 1100 Notre-Dame Ouest, Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study predicts creep compliance (D(t)) from complex modulus (E*(ω)) using advanced models. Direct tensile and compression tests yielded similar results, outperforming indirect tensile tests for pavement design.

Keywords:
2S2P1D modelcomplex moduluscreep compliancedirect compression testdirect tensile testindirect tensile test

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Civil Engineering
  • Rheology

Background:

  • Creep compliance (D(t)) is crucial for pavement thermal cracking resistance in Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG).
  • Accurate D(t) prediction is vital for reliable pavement performance modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To predict creep compliance (D(t)) from complex modulus (E*(ω)) data.
  • To compare different experimental configurations for creep compliance testing.
  • To validate advanced modeling techniques for viscoelastic material characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental creep tests using direct tensile, direct compression, and indirect tensile configurations.
  • Modeling creep compliance using a 2S2P1D model coupled with Kopelman approximation.
  • Calibration of the generalized Kelvin-Voigt (GKV) model to derive D(t) directly from E*(ω).

Main Results:

  • Direct tensile and direct compression tests yielded comparable D(t) results within the viscoelastic domain.
  • D(t) values from direct tensile/compression tests were higher than those from indirect tensile tests.
  • The 2S2P1D model with Kopelman approximation and the GKV model accurately predicted experimental creep compliance data.

Conclusions:

  • Direct tensile and compression tests are reliable methods for determining creep compliance.
  • The indirect tensile test presents practical challenges in creep compliance assessment.
  • Validated models effectively bridge the gap between complex modulus and creep compliance for pavement engineering applications.