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The YAP/TAZ Pathway in Osteogenesis and Bone Sarcoma Pathogenesis.

Heinrich Kovar^1,2, Lisa Bierbaumer¹, Branka Radic-Sarikas¹

¹St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

|April 25, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The YAP/TAZ pathway regulates cell plasticity and is crucial for bone development and cancer. Understanding YAP and TAZ roles in bone tumors could lead to new therapies.

Keywords:

EMT EWS-FLI1 Ewing sarcoma Hippo pathway TAZ WWTR1 YAP beta-catenin bone development chondrosarcoma mechanosignaling microRNAs osteosarcoma verteporfin

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Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Biochemistry
Oncology

Background:

YAP and TAZ are key intracellular messengers linking extracellular cues to nuclear transcription.
They regulate cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix components, influencing cell plasticity, stem cell behavior, and lineage determination.
Perturbed YAP/TAZ signaling is implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the roles of YAP and TAZ in cell plasticity, normal bone development, and bone cancer.
To explore the potential of YAP and TAZ as therapeutic targets in bone tumors.
To highlight the distinct functions of YAP and TAZ beyond their commonly perceived redundancy.

Main Methods:

Literature review of YAP and TAZ signaling pathways.
Analysis of YAP/TAZ roles in cellular plasticity, stem cell regulation, and differentiation.
Examination of YAP/TAZ involvement in bone development and bone tumorigenesis.

Main Results:

YAP and TAZ play critical, stage-specific roles in bone formation and mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.
Their dysregulation is linked to bone tumors, suggesting therapeutic potential.
YAP and TAZ have distinct functions not fully captured by current research focusing on TEAD co-activation.

Conclusions:

YAP and TAZ are vital regulators in bone development and are implicated in bone cancers.
Targeting YAP/TAZ pathways offers a promising avenue for bone tumor diagnostics and therapeutics.
Further research discriminating YAP and TAZ functions is needed for precise clinical translation.