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Bacterial transfer to fingertips during sequential surface contacts with and without gloves.

Marco-Felipe King1, Martín López-García2, Kalanne P Atedoghu1

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Summary

Nitrile gloves reduce bacterial transfer from surfaces, but poor fit can increase contamination risk. Bare skin had higher transfer efficiency than gloved hands, highlighting the importance of proper glove use in preventing disease spread.

Keywords:
Escherichia coliBayesian modelbacterial transmissionhospital gloveshospital surface contacttransfer efficiency

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infection Control
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Bacterial transmission via contaminated surfaces (fomites) and hand contact is a significant factor in disease spread.
  • Understanding the efficiency of pathogen transfer from surfaces to hands, with and without gloves, is crucial for effective infection control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the fomite-to-finger transfer efficiency of microorganisms during sequential surface contacts.
  • To compare transfer efficiency between bare hands and gloved hands (nitrile).
  • To develop a mechanistic model for pathogen accretion on fingers.

Main Methods:

  • Quantified Escherichia coli transfer to participants' fingertips after 1-8 sequential contacts with inoculated plastic coupons.
  • Utilized a Bayesian approach to develop a mechanistic model of pathogen accretion.
  • Determined the coefficient of transfer efficiency (λ), swabbing efficiency, and finger surface area.

Main Results:

  • The transfer efficiency (λ) for bare skin (49%) was significantly higher than for gloved hands (30%).
  • Microbial load approached equilibrium after 4 contacts (gloved) and 6 contacts (bare skin).
  • Poorly fitting gloves, increasing effective finger surface area, led to higher microbial accretion in 20% of participants, negating glove benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Nitrile gloves generally reduce bacterial transfer, but their effectiveness is compromised by poor fit.
  • Individual hand differences had minimal impact compared to glove use.
  • Proper glove selection and fit are critical for minimizing bacterial contamination and preventing disease transmission.