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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Using a Murine Model of Psychosocial Stress in Pregnancy as a Translationally Relevant Paradigm for Psychiatric Disorders in Mothers and Infants
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Postpartum environmental challenges alter maternal responsiveness and offspring development.

Samantha Scarola1, Molly Kent2, Steven Neal1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Randolph Macon College, Ashland, VA 23005, USA.

Hormones and Behavior
|April 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Restricted resources negatively impacted maternal rats, diminishing responsiveness and pup development. While predator threats altered interactions, resource restriction had a greater negative effect on maternal outcomes and resilience markers.

Keywords:
Early life stressLimited resourcesMaternal careMaternal resilienceMaternal responsivenessMaternal-pup interactionsOffspring development

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Neuroscience
  • Maternal-Offspring Interactions
  • Environmental Stressors

Background:

  • Environmental challenges in natural habitats significantly impact maternal-offspring interactions and outcomes.
  • Understanding these impacts is crucial for animal welfare and conservation efforts.
  • Rodent models provide a valuable framework for studying these complex relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of restricted resources and predator threat on maternal behavior and neurobiology in a rodent model.
  • To assess the impact of these environmental challenges on maternal responsiveness, pup development, and stress/resilience markers.
  • To compare the relative influence of resource restriction versus predator threat on maternal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Pregnant rats were assigned to four treatment groups: standard resources (SR), SR with threat (SR-T), restricted resources (RR), and RR with threat (RR-T).
  • Maternal rats were exposed to assigned conditions from postnatal day 2 until pup weaning.
  • Maternal responsiveness was assessed via pup retrieval tasks, and neurobiological markers (corticosterone, DHEA, NPY, BDNF) were analyzed. Pup development was also measured.

Main Results:

  • Restricted resources led to diminished maternal responsiveness and altered pup development.
  • Maternal rats in RR conditions showed compromised emotional resilience (lower DHEA) and reduced neuroplasticity (BDNF, NPY).
  • Predator threat affected maternal-pup interactions but did not impact neurobiological variables, indicating resource restriction had a more profound negative effect.

Conclusions:

  • Restricted resources pose a significant threat to maternal care and offspring development, impacting neurobiological resilience and plasticity.
  • While predator threat influences maternal behavior, resource availability appears to be a more critical factor in determining maternal outcomes.
  • These findings highlight the importance of resource availability in supporting healthy maternal-offspring interactions and development.