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Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields (LF-MFs) Inhibit Proliferation by Triggering Apoptosis and Altering Cell Cycle

Aoshu Xu1,2, Qian Wang1,2, Tingting Lin1,2

  • 1College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Low-frequency magnetic fields (LF-MFs) show promise in treating breast cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. The optimal frequency of 200 Hz was found to be effective, offering a potential non-invasive therapeutic approach.

Keywords:
GSK-3βPI3K/AKT pathwayapoptosisbreast cancer cellslow-frequency magnetic fields

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern with limited therapeutic options for some subtypes.
  • Non-invasive therapies like magnetic fields are being explored for anti-tumor effects, but mechanisms are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-tumor effects of low-frequency magnetic fields (LF-MFs) on breast cancer cells.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of LF-MFs-induced breast cancer cell death.

Main Methods:

  • Exposure of breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and ZR-75-1) to LF-MFs at various frequencies (50-275 Hz) and intensity (1 mT).
  • Assessment of cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway.

Main Results:

  • LF-MFs inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation in a time-dependent manner, with 200 Hz showing optimal effect.
  • LF-MF exposure induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in breast cancer cells.
  • LF-MFs increased intracellular ROS, suppressed the PI3K/AKT pathway, and activated GSK-3β.

Conclusions:

  • LF-MFs, particularly at 200 Hz, demonstrate significant anti-cancer effects on breast cancer cells.
  • The mechanism involves ROS-mediated inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway and subsequent GSK-3β activation.
  • LF-MFs represent a potential novel, non-invasive therapeutic strategy for breast cancer treatment.