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Digital PCR for Quantifying Circulating MicroRNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiovascular Disease
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Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers for severe coronary artery disease

Xuelin Zhang1, Haipeng Cai2, Minqi Zhu3

  • 1Department of Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou.

Medicine
|April 26, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) show promise for diagnosing severe coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients needing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A combination of four specific miRNAs offers improved diagnostic accuracy for this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of mortality in China, with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improving patient outcomes.
  • Accurate and early diagnosis of severe CAD is crucial for timely intervention and improved prognosis.
  • Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as potential biomarkers for various diseases, including cardiovascular conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic value of circulating miRNAs in plasma for identifying patients with severe CAD who require PCI.
  • To identify specific miRNAs that are differentially expressed in severe CAD patients compared to a control group.
  • To assess the diagnostic accuracy of individual miRNAs and their combination for severe CAD.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma miRNA profiles were analyzed using miRNA microarray technology.
  • Differentially expressed miRNAs were quantified using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
  • Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and calculating the area under the curve (AUC).

Main Results:

  • Nine miRNAs (ebv-miR-BART12, ebv-miR-BART16, let-7i-5p, miR-130a-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-3149, miR-3152-3p, miR-32-3p, and miR-149-3p) were found to be differentially expressed between severe CAD and control groups.
  • Four miRNAs (let-7i-5p, miR-32-3p, miR-3149, and miR-26a-5p) validated by qRT-PCR demonstrated significant diagnostic accuracy, with AUCs ranging from 0.634 to 0.818.
  • A combination of these four miRNAs achieved a higher AUC (0.837) compared to any individual miRNA, indicating enhanced diagnostic performance.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma let-7i-5p, miR-32-3p, miR-3149, and miR-26a-5p show promising potential as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers for severe CAD.
  • The combined analysis of these four miRNAs offers improved diagnostic accuracy for severe CAD patients requiring PCI.
  • Further research is warranted to validate these findings in larger cohorts and explore their clinical utility in managing CAD.

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