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Related Concept Videos

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview

3.5K
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group...
3.5K
Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:13

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview

5.1K
Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom,...
5.1K
Structure of Benzene: Molecular Orbital Model01:18

Structure of Benzene: Molecular Orbital Model

11.7K
According to the molecular orbital (MO) model, benzene has a planar structure with a regular hexagon of six sp2 hybridized carbons. As shown in Figure 1, each carbon is bonded to three other atoms with C–C–C and H–C–C bond angles of 120°. The C–H bond length is 109 pm, and the C–C bond length is 139 pm which is midway between the single bond length of sp3 hybridized carbons (154 pm) and sp2 hybridized carbons (133 pm).
11.7K
Criteria for Aromaticity and the Hückel 4n + 2 Rule01:20

Criteria for Aromaticity and the Hückel 4n + 2 Rule

12.5K
Like benzene, cyclobutadiene and cyclooctatetraene are cyclic compounds with alternate single and double bonds. However, their chemical behavior differs from benzene, as they are unstable and not aromatic. So, what are the structural characteristics of unsaturated compounds categorized as aromatic?  
For the first time, Eric Hückel, a German chemical physicist, derived a set of structural features for a compound to be classified as aromatic. This is now known as Hückel’s rule or the 4n +...
12.5K
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview01:18

Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview

3.4K
Neutral hydrocarbons like cyclopentadiene with an odd number of carbon atoms and one intervening CH2 group in the ring are not aromatic. Cyclopentadiene with 4 π electrons does not satisfy the 4n + 2 π electron rule. Additionally, the intervening CH2 group is sp3 hybridized and lacks a vacant p orbital, thereby interrupting the overlap of p orbitals in a continuous manner and preventing the delocalization of π electrons throughout the ring.
Due to the absence of continuous...
3.4K
Structure of Benzene: Kekulé Model01:07

Structure of Benzene: Kekulé Model

11.4K
In 1865, August Kekule suggested the structure of benzene according to the structural theory of organic chemistry based on the three assertions—formula of benzene is C6H6, all the hydrogens of benzene are equivalent, and each carbon must have four bonds due to its tetravalency.
He proposed that benzene has a cyclic structure of six carbon atoms attached to one hydrogen atom each, with three alternating pi bonds.
11.4K

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Updated: Dec 23, 2025

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
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Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

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Vertical two-dimensional layered fused aromatic ladder structure.

Hyuk-Jun Noh1, Yoon-Kwang Im1, Soo-Young Yu1

  • 1School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Center for Dimension-Controllable Organic Frameworks, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea.

Nature Communications
|April 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel vertical 2D layered material with a fused aromatic ladder (FAL) structure. This material exhibits superior gas uptake and exceptionally fast iodine capture kinetics, overcoming limitations of traditional planar materials.

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Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate
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Syntheses, Crystallization, and Spectroscopic Characterization of 3,5-Lutidine N-Oxide Dehydrate
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Planar 2D layered materials (e.g., graphene, MOFs, COFs) show promise but have restricted segmental motion due to layer-to-layer confinement.
  • This confinement negatively impacts sorption/desorption kinetics, limiting their application as sorbent materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a novel vertical 2D layered material to overcome the kinetic limitations of planar materials.
  • To investigate the gas uptake and iodine capture performance of the new material.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a vertical 2D layered material featuring a robust fused aromatic ladder (FAL) structure.
  • Evaluation of gas uptake performance under varying pressures.
  • Assessment of iodine (I2) uptake capacity and kinetics.

Main Results:

  • The vertical 2D FAL structure demonstrated excellent gas uptake capacity across a range of pressures.
  • The material achieved high iodine (I2) uptake capacity.
  • Unusually fast iodine (I2) capture kinetics were observed, surpassing other porous organic materials.

Conclusions:

  • The designed vertical 2D layered FAL material effectively minimizes layer-to-layer confinement.
  • This structure offers superior gas uptake and exceptionally fast iodine capture kinetics, highlighting its potential for advanced sorbent applications.