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A study in affect: Predicting valence from fMRI data.

Jongwan Kim1, Christine E Weber2, Chuanji Gao2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Jeonbuk National University, South Korea.

Neuropsychologia
|April 26, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Brain activity patterns can identify continuous changes in emotional valence during naturalistic viewing, like watching movies. This confirms previous findings from controlled studies in real-world settings.

Keywords:
AffectValencefMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Affective Science

Background:

  • Previous research identified affective valence from brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with brief stimuli.
  • Generalizability of these findings to continuous emotional states in naturalistic settings remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neural representations of continuous affective valence during naturalistic viewing.
  • To determine if brain activity patterns during movie watching can predict subjective valence ratings.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 17 participants passively watching a TV show.
  • Correlated neural data with behavioral valence ratings from 125 participants.
  • Employed cross-participant cross-validation to predict valence from brain activity.

Main Results:

  • Successfully localized neural representations for both signed (positive/negative) and unsigned (valenced/non-valenced) affective valence.
  • Developed a signed valence model that predicted valence ratings for most participants.
  • Demonstrated the ability to decode continuous emotional valence from brain activity during naturalistic viewing.

Conclusions:

  • Neural decoding of affective valence is possible in naturalistic settings, extending prior experimental findings.
  • The study confirms the ecological validity of using fMRI to understand emotional processing.
  • Findings support the use of neuroimaging for studying real-world emotional experiences.